Steam-turbine.



35 wheel buckets 40 ets on PER JOHAN HEDLUND, or STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

STEAM-TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

, Application filed June 13, 1903. Serial No- 161,326.

I To all who rn it may concern:

Be it known. that I, BERJOHAN HEDLUND, of Stockholm, Sweden, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Stearn-Turbines, of is a specification.

The invention relates to an elastic fluid turbine and consists more particularly in the conformation of the "working passages and partition channels in which 3116 buckets are disposed. -In the accompanying drawings Figure 1- is a vertical longitudinal section ofmy improved compound turbine, showing oneunit and part of another together with the intermediate fixed guide channels. Fig. 2

, is a horizontal section showing the disposition of the Wheel buckets and guide blades,

other parts. being omitted for clearness.

' Similarfnumbers of reference indicate like parts.

1 is a wheel shaft. 2 the wheel casing shown cut away at 3, and4 the working fluid inlet. On the shaft 1 are fixed any. desired number of wheels each .forming a u nit in the compounded series. Thusa wheel; is shown at 5, and'part of the next wheel at 6, the

remainder of this wheel being cut away.

shaft? pass es. In each wheel near the circumference is/a'n :annular working passage, the width of which measured radially the wheel increases from' the inlet side 11 tothe point 12 and then contracts to the outlet channels 10 which also increase in width than contract to the outlet 16.

/ I the annular working passage 9 are disposed the (onlythree of which are here shown) 17, .18, 19, Fig. 2. Each of these buckets is curved at. 20, this curved portion being situatedat the widest place of theannular .pass'age-Q-or, as here shown, at

the inlet side are longerthan the parallel straight walls the outlet side. g

In t annular channel 10 of the fixed partition 8 are guide blades (only three of which are here shown) Each of these guideblades is curved at 24, the urved portion being situated at the widest place of the annular channel 10orv as here shown at the point 15. The direction of curvature oifthc guide blades 21, 22 23 is the everse of that of the wheel "buckets 17, 18, 19. The parallel straight walls of said guide blades on the inlet side are longer than the allel straight'wallson the outlet side. I. g Theyvidthradially measurd of each wheel Quest. is

is greater than the width of the inlet of 11. The width of tlie inlet 14 of tliechannel :10 in each fixed partition- 1nay'bc cqual1to.tho ividthofithe outlet 13 ofthc wheel located on tliepressure side thereof, and tho width ol which the following "1 J tracted in width radially the wheels as shown at 25. f-The width of the delivery opening 26 may be equal to the width of the inlet 11 of wheel 5. In the conf tracted portion of said annular inlet are disposed in-- 'j'c1ined parallel guide blades, three of which are represented at 27 28, 29. The working fluid entering at 4 F passes as indicatedby the arrows 7-between the guide blades 27, 28,;"29, thento the buckets 17, 18, 19 in the working passage of wheel 5.-so rotating said wheeL Between j successive wheels of theseries are interposed fixed 25 ,partjtions as/shown at 8qthrough which partitions the theijgint h parallel straight wallsgof the buck-' the outlet 16 of said channel may be ,equal to the width of the inlet of the wheel thereof.

The working fluid inlet 4'is annular and is conand then to the guide blades 21, 22, 23 in the channel in i partition 8, ,then to the buckets in the working passage of the next; wheel, and so on (until the final exhaust is reached.

By reason of the contractioh of the inlet the velocity of the inco'ming fluid is increased so that it strikes the buckets bf Wheel 5 with incerased momentum. By

reason of the enlargement of'the working passage 9 from the inlet'to the point 12 the velocity of the fluid doing work on the wheel becomes converted into pressure. Thefluid expands while escaping from the outlets 13.

. Hence said fluid acts upon the wheel both by impact and by reaction, and causes the wheel to rotate in the direction of the arrow a. From wheel 5 the fluid passes to channel 10 and between guide blades 21 22,

'23,- and by reason of the increase in width of said-channel its\ velocity of exhaust from wheel 5 is converted into pressure. Expanding again it'enters wheel 6, upon the buckets of which and in the working passages of whichit acts in the sameway as already described in connection with wheel 5.

' The velocity of the working fluid before reaching the inlet of each successive wheel is, by the foregoing construction, brought to a maximum, while within the Working passage and intermediate channels its pressure is brought to a maximum. In this way a desirable economy of operation is obtained.

I claim:

1. An elastic fluid turbine of the axial flow type provided with an annular working passage expanding from the opening in the side of the partition or wheel to the place of greatest width and contracting from said place of greatest width to the deliyery opening in said partition or wheel.

2. An elastic fiuld turbine Oftlll} axial flow type having an annular working passhge, and buckets disposed therein, the said pnssuge increasing in width measured radially the wheel to :1 point nearer to the outlet than to the inlet nnd theu decreasing in width to'suld outlet.

tls .;'1lle comblnutlon of an elastic fluid turblne of; the axial flow type having anannulurworklng passnge11ndbuck ctsdlspnsed therein; the saldpnsslige lmvlng-a-com trncted- Inlet and-n contracted outlet;nudacaslnghaving a 'llxcd plwlltlon parallel to the exhaust side of suldIwhecl prntldell'wlth an unnullir-l-lmmwl lluvlng lulot and' a coutrnctodbutlot and guldenblndes in said u contracted Patented July 2, 1907. v

located on'the exhaust side buckets being curved with the apex of curvature nearer to the outlet than to the inlet of the said working passage. 5. In combination with an elastic fluid turbineof the axial flow type having an annular working passage provided with a contracted inlet and a contracted outlet,

parallel buckets disposed in said passage: each of said buckets'having straight walls connected by a curved portion, the apexof curvature being nearer to the outlet than to the inlet side of said working passage.

6. The combination of an elastic fluid turbine of the axial flow type, having an annular working passage provided with a, contracted inlet and acontracted outlet, and a casing having a fixed partition parallel'to the exhaust side of said wheel provided with an annular channel having a contracted inlet and a contracted outlet; the inlet of said channel registering with the outlet of said working passage, buckets in said working. passage and guide blades in said channel: each of said buckets and guide blades being curved with the apex of curvature nearer. to

the outlet than to the inlet of the respective passage or channel.

-7. An elastic fluid turbine of theaxial flow type hav- -ing anannuiar' working passage constricted at both extremiti'es. I v

t 8; Aneiastic 'fluld turbine of the axial flow type havlug-an annular working-passage constricted at both extremities in combination with :1 casing having a fixed partition parallel to said turbine and provided with an annular channel constricted at one extremity; the constricted extremity of said channel registering with one extremity of said working passage.

9. An elastic fluid turbine of the axial flow type having an annular working passage constricted at both extremities in combination with a casing having a hired partition parallel to said turbine and provided with an annular channel constricted at both extremities: an extremity of said channel registering with one extremity of said working passage.

10. Two elastic fluid turbines of the axial (lbw type, each having an annularwvorking passage constricted at both extremities, a casing, and in said casing, interposed between said turbines, a fixed partition having an annular channel constricted at both extremities: the extremities of said channel registering with the adjacent extremities of the working passages.

11'. An elastic fluid turbine of the axial flow type hnving an annular working passage constricted at both extremities, a casing, and in said casing two fixed partitions disposed on opposite sides of said turbine and each having an annular channel constricted at both extremities: the extremities of said working passage registering with the adjacent extremities of the said channels.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PER .TOIIAN HEDLUND. I Witnesses:

WM; A. FURMAN,

' E. R. TAYLOR. 

